EKT Interactive

Oil and Gas Training Courses For New Learners and Experienced Professionals

  • Courses
  • Oil Prices Daily
  • Podcasts
    • All Episodes
    • Oil 101 – The Podcast
    • The Drill Down
    • Commodity Research Group
    • Sound Off
    • Upstream Intelligence
  • Login
Don’t show this message again.

Cookie Use Notice

This website uses cookies to provide you with a great user experience.

Oil 101 – What Are NGLs

Tweet
Share
Pin
Share
0 Shares

Oil 101 Certificate

 Learn more about our Oil and Gas Training Certificate.


In this episode of the Oil 101 podcast series, we will discuss Natural Gas Liquids.

Raw natural gas produced at the wellhead contains various heavier hydrocarbons that can be liquefied into condensate and removed from the natural gas stream.

These are called natural gas liquids or NGLs

In this 4-minute podcast, we will discuss:

  • What are NGLs
  • NGL extraction
  • Lead absorption method
  • Cryogenic processes

Listen to Oil 101 – What Are NGLs? below:

Oil 101 – What Are NGLsEKT Interactive
  • Social:
  • Link:
  • Embed:
https://ektinteractive.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/EKTiOil-101What-is-NGLFNL.mp3
Download Audio Subscribe

Thanks for listening to the EKT Interactive Oil and Gas Podcast Network.


Relevant Links:

  • Oil 101 Podcast – What is Natural Gas?
  • Oil 101 – A Free Introduction to Oil and Gas
  • Upstream vs Downstream

Transcript:

 

What are NGLs?

The processed natural gas used by consumers is composed almost entirely of methane.

But raw natural gas produced at the wellhead also contains various heavier hydrocarbons that can be liquefied into condensate and removed from the natural gas stream.

These are called natural gas liquids or NGLs and include ethane, propane, butane, pentane and pentanes plus.

NGLs have higher values as separate products, making it economical to remove them from the gas stream.

While the chemical composition of NGLs is similar, their applications vary widely. For example, ethane is used to produce ethylene, which is turned into plastics. Propane, in contrast, is burned for heating.

NGLs are also often used as feedstocks for petrochemical plants.  Butane is usually further processed in refineries and added to gasoline.

For reporting purposes, reserves associated with NGLs are typically combined with oil reserves, not natural gas.

Producers often target liquids-rich production during periods of higher oil prices, as the value of NGLs is influenced by oil prices.   

The US is the largest producer of NGLs in the world, reaching nearly 3.3 million barrels per day in 2015.

NGL extraction

There are two principle techniques for removing NGLs from the natural gas stream –  the lean absorption method and cryogenic processes.

 

Lean Absorption Method

Most NGLs can be removed by passing the raw natural gas through an absorption tower.

The natural gas is brought in contact with a pool of gas-absorbing oil that catches the heavier hydrocarbons but allows the methane to move through.

The mixture of absorbing oil and NGLs is fed into an oil still. Here it is heated to a temperature above the boiling point of the NGLs, but below that of the oil, to separate them.

 

Cryogenic Processes

While absorption methods can extract almost all of the heavier NGLs, the lighter hydrocarbons, such as ethane, are often more difficult to recover. In some cases, it is economic to simply leave the lighter NGLs in the natural gas stream.

But if needed, cryogenic processes can be used to extract ethane and other lighter hydrocarbons.

The cryogenic process consists of dropping the temperature of the gas stream to around minus 120 degrees Fahrenheit using a turbo-expander.

At this temperature, methane remains a gas while the heavier hydrocarbons become liquid and can be removed.

The collected NGLs are then separated by passing them through a series of progressively warmer distillation columns, starting with a demethanizer.

Each column is controlled to a temperature that will vaporize a specific hydrocarbon from the remaining liquid.

 

 

Tweet
Share
Pin
Share
0 Shares

Written by EKT Interactive · Categorized: Oil 101 - An Introduction to Oil and Gas · Tagged: introduction to oil and gas, natural gas, ngl, oil 101, oil and gas

About EKT Interactive

EKT Interactive has been an industry leader in oil and gas training since 2010.

Join over 10,000 members in our FREE Oil 101 e-learning community today and learn from industry experts with the EKT Interactive oil and gas podcast network.

Learn more at www.ektinteractive.com.

Leave a Reply Cancel reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

EKT Interactive | 9813 Shadow Wood Dr. | Houston, TX 77080
  • Courses
  • Podcasts
  • Privacy Policy
  • Contact

© 2021 EKT Interactive · Rainmaker Platform